Add MiniZinc syntax specification in the appendix
This commit is contained in:
parent
cfd7c5a960
commit
25c23ae378
@ -180,20 +180,19 @@ This section introduces the two sub-languages of \minizinc\ at the core of the
|
||||
new abstract machine model we have developed.
|
||||
|
||||
MicroZinc (\microzinc) is a simplified subset of \minizinc\ that only contains
|
||||
function declarations and a restricted expression language. \minizinc\ models
|
||||
can be translated into \microzinc. NanoZinc (\nanozinc) is similar to
|
||||
\flatzinc\ in that it contains only simple variable declarations and flat
|
||||
constraints. However, while all function calls in \flatzinc\ need to be
|
||||
function declarations and a restricted expression language. Models written in
|
||||
different \cmls\ can be translated into \microzinc. NanoZinc (\nanozinc) is
|
||||
similar to \flatzinc\ in that it contains only simple variable declarations and
|
||||
flat constraints. However, while all function calls in \flatzinc\ need to be
|
||||
solver-level primitives, \nanozinc\ calls can refer to functions implemented in
|
||||
\microzinc.
|
||||
|
||||
The core of the syntax of \microzinc\ is defined in
|
||||
\cref{fig:4-uzn-syntax}. We have omitted the definitions of
|
||||
\syntax{<type-inst>} and \syntax{<ident>}, which you can assume to be the same
|
||||
as in the definition of \minizinc. While we omit the typing rules here for
|
||||
space reasons, we will assume that in well-typed \microzinc\ programs, the
|
||||
conditions \syntax{<exp>} in if-then-else and where expressions have \pari\
|
||||
type.
|
||||
The core of the syntax of \microzinc\ is defined in \cref{fig:4-uzn-syntax}. We
|
||||
have omitted the definitions of \syntax{<type-inst>} and \syntax{<ident>}, which
|
||||
you can assume to be the same as in the definition of \minizinc. While we omit
|
||||
the typing rules here for space reasons, we will assume that in well-typed
|
||||
\microzinc\ programs, the conditions \syntax{<exp>} in if-then-else and where
|
||||
expressions have \pari\ type.
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{figure}
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
@ -219,11 +218,11 @@ type.
|
||||
|
||||
\newcommand{\sep}{\rhd}
|
||||
|
||||
A \nanozinc\ program, defined in \cref{fig:4-nzn-syntax}, is simply a list
|
||||
of calls, where the result of each call is bound to either an identifier or the
|
||||
A \nanozinc\ program, defined in \cref{fig:4-nzn-syntax}, is simply a list of
|
||||
calls, where the result of each call is bound to either an identifier or the
|
||||
constant true. The \syntax{$\sep$ <ident>*} will be used to track dependent
|
||||
constraints (this will be explained in detail in \cref{sec:4-nanozinc}, for
|
||||
now you can assume it is empty).
|
||||
constraints (this will be explained in detail in \cref{sec:4-nanozinc}, for now
|
||||
you can assume it is empty).
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{figure}
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
@ -270,9 +269,9 @@ The translation from \minizinc\ to \microzinc\ involves the following steps:
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{mzn}
|
||||
predicate all_different(array[int] of var int: x) =
|
||||
forall (i,j in 1..length(x) where i<j) (
|
||||
x[i] != x[j]
|
||||
);
|
||||
forall (i,j in 1..length(x) where i<j) (
|
||||
x[i] != x[j]
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
int: n;
|
||||
array[1..n] of var 1..n-1: pigeon;
|
||||
@ -304,9 +303,9 @@ The translation from \minizinc\ to \microzinc\ involves the following steps:
|
||||
} in true;
|
||||
\end{mzn}
|
||||
|
||||
For a concrete instance of the model, we can then create a simple \nanozinc
|
||||
program that calls \mzninline{main}, for example for $n=10$: \mzninline{true
|
||||
@$\mapsto$@ main(10) @$\sep$@ []}.
|
||||
For a concrete instance of the model, we can then create a simple \nanozinc
|
||||
program that calls \mzninline{main}, for example for $n=10$: \mzninline{true
|
||||
@$\mapsto$@ main(10) @$\sep$@ []}.
|
||||
\end{example}
|
||||
|
||||
\subsection{Partial Evaluation of NanoZinc}
|
||||
|
274
chapters/A1_minizinc_grammar.tex
Normal file
274
chapters/A1_minizinc_grammar.tex
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
|
||||
%************************************************
|
||||
\chapter{The Syntax of \glsentrytext{minizinc}}\label{ch:minizinc-grammar}
|
||||
%************************************************
|
||||
%
|
||||
\minizinc\ \autocite{nethercote-2007-minizinc} is a solver-independent
|
||||
constraint modelling language that is used as the example high-level constraint
|
||||
modelling language throughout this thesis. This chapter offers a formal
|
||||
specification of the grammar of the current version \minizinc\ language,
|
||||
corresponding with \minizinc\ version 2.5.3.
|
||||
|
||||
For the convinience of the reader the grammar has been split into several parts.
|
||||
\Cref{sec:mzn-grammar-items} shows the syntax for the top-level structure of a
|
||||
model. \Cref{sec:mzn-grammar-typeinst} shows the syntax of type expressions,
|
||||
used for variable declarations and return types of variables.
|
||||
\Cref{sec:mzn-grammar-expressions} shows the syntax of expressions used all
|
||||
other parts of the model. Finally, \Cref{sec:mzn-grammar-expressions} contains
|
||||
the rules for identifiers and annotations.
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Items}
|
||||
\label{sec:mzn-grammar-items}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
% A MiniZinc model
|
||||
<model> ::= [ <item> ";" ... ]
|
||||
|
||||
% Items
|
||||
<item> ::= <include-item>
|
||||
\alt <var-decl-item>
|
||||
\alt <enum-item>
|
||||
\alt <assign-item>
|
||||
\alt <constraint-item>
|
||||
\alt <solve-item>
|
||||
\alt <output-item>
|
||||
\alt <predicate-item>
|
||||
\alt <test-item>
|
||||
\alt <function-item>
|
||||
\alt <annotation-item>
|
||||
|
||||
<ti-expr-and-id> ::= <ti-expr> ":" <ident>
|
||||
|
||||
% Include items
|
||||
<include-item> ::= "include" <string-literal>
|
||||
|
||||
% Variable declaration items
|
||||
<var-decl-item> ::= <ti-expr-and-id> <annotations> [ "=" <expr> ]
|
||||
|
||||
% Enum items
|
||||
<enum-item> ::= "enum" <ident> <annotations> [ "=" <enum-cases-list> ]
|
||||
|
||||
<enum-cases-list> ::= <enum-cases>
|
||||
\alt <enum-cases-list> "++" <enum-cases>
|
||||
|
||||
<enum-cases> ::= "{" <ident> "," ... "}"
|
||||
\alt <ident> "(" <ident> ")"
|
||||
|
||||
% Assign items
|
||||
<assign-item> ::= <ident> "=" <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Constraint items
|
||||
<constraint-item> ::= "constraint" <string-annotation> <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Solve item
|
||||
<solve-item> ::= "solve" <annotations> "satisfy"
|
||||
\alt "solve" <annotations> "minimize" <expr>
|
||||
\alt "solve" <annotations> "maximize" <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Output items
|
||||
<output-item> ::= "output" <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Annotation items
|
||||
<annotation-item> ::= "annotation" <ident> <params>
|
||||
|
||||
% Predicate, test and function items
|
||||
<predicate-item> ::= "predicate" <operation-item-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<test-item> ::= "test" <operation-item-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<function-item> ::= "function" <ti-expr> ":" <operation-item-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<operation-item-tail> ::= <ident> <params> <annotations> [ "=" <expr> ]
|
||||
|
||||
<params> ::= [ ( <ti-expr-and-id> "," ... ) ]
|
||||
|
||||
\end{grammar}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Type Instance Expressions}
|
||||
\label{sec:mzn-grammar-typeinst}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
% Type-inst expressions
|
||||
<ti-expr> ::= <base-ti-expr>
|
||||
\alt <array-ti-expr>
|
||||
|
||||
<base-ti-expr> ::= <var-par> <opt-ti> <set-ti> <base-ti-expr-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<var-par> ::= "var" \alt "par" \alt <empty>
|
||||
|
||||
<opt-ti> ::= "opt" \alt <empty>
|
||||
|
||||
<set-ti> ::= "set" "of" \alt <empty>
|
||||
|
||||
<base-type> ::= "bool"
|
||||
\alt "int"
|
||||
\alt "float"
|
||||
\alt "string"
|
||||
|
||||
<base-ti-expr-tail> ::= <ident>
|
||||
\alt <base-type>
|
||||
\alt <ti-variable-expr-tail>
|
||||
\alt "ann"
|
||||
\alt \{ <expr> "," ... \}
|
||||
\alt <num-expr> ".." <num-expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% % Type-inst variables
|
||||
<ti-variable-expr-tail> ::= \(regexp\left(\texttt{\$[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9\_]*}\right)\)
|
||||
|
||||
% Array type-inst expressions
|
||||
<array-ti-expr> ::= "array" [ <ti-expr> "," ... ] "of" <base-ti-expr>
|
||||
\alt "list" "of" <base-ti-expr>
|
||||
\end{grammar}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Expressions}
|
||||
\label{sec:mzn-grammar-expressions}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
% Expressions
|
||||
<expr> ::= <expr-atom> <expr-binop-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<expr-atom> ::= <expr-atom-head> <expr-atom-tail> <annotations>
|
||||
|
||||
<expr-binop-tail> ::= [ <bin-op> <expr> ]
|
||||
|
||||
<expr-atom-head> ::= <builtin-un-op> <expr-atom>
|
||||
\alt "(" <expr> ")"
|
||||
\alt <ident-or-quoted-op>
|
||||
\alt "_"
|
||||
\alt <bool-literal>
|
||||
\alt <int-literal>
|
||||
\alt <float-literal>
|
||||
\alt <string-literal>
|
||||
\alt <set-literal>
|
||||
\alt <set-comp>
|
||||
\alt <array-literal>
|
||||
\alt <array-literal-2d>
|
||||
\alt <array-comp>
|
||||
\alt <ann-literal>
|
||||
\alt <if-then-else-expr>
|
||||
\alt <let-expr>
|
||||
\alt <call-expr>
|
||||
\alt <gen-call-expr>
|
||||
|
||||
<expr-atom-tail> ::= <empty>
|
||||
\alt <array-access-tail> <expr-atom-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
% Numeric expressions
|
||||
<num-expr> ::= <num-expr-atom> <num-expr-binop-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<num-expr-atom> ::= <num-expr-atom-head> <expr-atom-tail> <annotations>
|
||||
|
||||
<num-expr-binop-tail> ::= [ <num-bin-op> <num-expr> ]
|
||||
|
||||
<num-expr-atom-head> ::= <builtin-num-un-op> <num-expr-atom>
|
||||
\alt "(" <num-expr> ")"
|
||||
\alt <ident-or-quoted-op>
|
||||
\alt <int-literal>
|
||||
\alt <float-literal>
|
||||
\alt <if-then-else-expr>
|
||||
\alt <let-expr>
|
||||
\alt <call-expr>
|
||||
\alt <gen-call-expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Built-in operators
|
||||
<builtin-op> ::= <builtin-bin-op> \alt <builtin-un-op>
|
||||
|
||||
<bin-op> ::= <builtin-bin-op> \alt ‘<ident>‘
|
||||
|
||||
<builtin-bin-op> ::= "<->" \alt "->" \alt "<-" \alt "\\/" \alt "xor" \alt "/\\" \alt "<" \alt ">" \alt "<=" \alt ">=" \alt "==" \alt "=" \alt "!="
|
||||
\alt "in" \alt "subset" \alt "superset" \alt "union" \alt "diff" \alt "symdiff"
|
||||
\alt ".." \alt "intersect" \alt "++" \alt <builtin-num-bin-op>
|
||||
|
||||
<builtin-un-op> ::= "not" \alt <builtin-num-un-op>
|
||||
|
||||
% Built-in numeric operators
|
||||
<num-bin-op> ::= <builtin-num-bin-op> \alt ‘<ident>‘
|
||||
|
||||
<builtin-num-bin-op> ::= "+" \alt "-" \alt "*" \alt "/" \alt "div" \alt "mod" \alt "^"
|
||||
|
||||
<builtin-num-un-op> ::= "+" \alt "-"
|
||||
|
||||
% Boolean literals
|
||||
<bool-literal> ::= "false" \alt "true"
|
||||
|
||||
% Integer literals
|
||||
<int-literal> ::= \(regexp\left(\texttt{[0-9]+}\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\texttt{0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+}\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\texttt{0o[0-7]+}\right)\)
|
||||
|
||||
% Float literals
|
||||
<float-literal> ::= \(regexp\left(\verb=[0-9]+\.[0-9]+=\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\verb=[0-9]+\.[0-9]+[Ee][-+]?[0-9]+=\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\verb=[0-9]+[Ee][-+]?[0-9]+=\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\verb=0[xX]([0-9a-fA-F]*"."[0-9a-fA-F]+|[0-9a-fA-F]+".")([pP][+-]?[0-9]+)=\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\verb=(0[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+[pP][+-]?[0-9]+)=\right)\)
|
||||
|
||||
% String literals
|
||||
<string-contents> ::= \(regexp\left(\verb=([^"\n\] | \[^\n(])*=\right)\)
|
||||
|
||||
<string-literal> ::= \" <string-contents> \"
|
||||
\alt \" <string-contents> "\\(" <string-interpolate-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<string-interpolate-tail> ::= <expr> ")" <string-contents> \"
|
||||
\alt <expr> ")"<string-contents> "\\(" <string-interpolate-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
% Set literals
|
||||
<set-literal> ::= "{" [ <expr> "," ... ] "}"
|
||||
|
||||
% Set comprehensions
|
||||
<set-comp> ::= "{" <expr> "\alt" <comp-tail> "}"
|
||||
|
||||
<comp-tail> ::= <generator> [ "where" <expr> ] "," ...
|
||||
|
||||
<generator> ::= <ident> "," ... "in" <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
% Array literals
|
||||
<array-literal> ::= "[" [ <expr> "," ... ] "]"
|
||||
|
||||
% 2D Array literals
|
||||
<array-literal-2d> ::= "[\alt" [ (<expr> "," ...) "\alt" ... ] "\alt]"
|
||||
|
||||
% Array comprehensions
|
||||
<array-comp> ::= "[" <expr> "\alt" <comp-tail> "]"
|
||||
|
||||
% Array access
|
||||
<array-access-tail> ::= "[" <expr> "," ... "]"
|
||||
|
||||
% Annotation literals
|
||||
<ann-literal> ::= <ident> [ "(" <expr> "," ... ")" ]
|
||||
|
||||
% If-then-else expressions
|
||||
<if-then-else-expr> ::= "if" <expr> "then" <expr> [ "elseif" <expr> "then" <expr> ]* "else" <expr> "endif"
|
||||
|
||||
% Call expressions
|
||||
<call-expr> ::= <ident-or-quoted-op> [ "(" <expr> "," ... ")" ]
|
||||
|
||||
% Let expressions
|
||||
<let-expr> ::= "let" "{" <let-item> ";" ... "}" "in" <expr>
|
||||
|
||||
<let-item> ::= <var-decl-item>
|
||||
\alt <constraint-item>
|
||||
|
||||
% Generator call expressions
|
||||
<gen-call-expr> ::= <ident-or-quoted-op> "(" <comp-tail> ")" "(" <expr> ")"
|
||||
\end{grammar}
|
||||
|
||||
\section{Identifiers and Annotations}
|
||||
\label{sec:mzn-grammar-misc}
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{grammar}
|
||||
% % Miscellaneous
|
||||
% Identifiers
|
||||
<ident> ::= \(regexp\left(\texttt{[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9\_]*}\right)\)
|
||||
\alt \(regexp\left(\verb|'[^'\xa\xd\x0]*'|\right)\)
|
||||
|
||||
% Identifiers and quoted operators
|
||||
<ident-or-quoted-op> ::= <ident>
|
||||
\alt ’<builtin-op>’
|
||||
|
||||
% Annotations
|
||||
<annotations> ::= [ "::" <annotation> ]*
|
||||
|
||||
<annotation> ::= <expr-atom-head> <expr-atom-tail>
|
||||
|
||||
<string-annotation> ::= "::" <string-literal>
|
||||
\end{grammar}
|
@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ Some ideas and figures included in this thesis have previously appeared in the
|
||||
following publication:
|
||||
|
||||
\begin{refsection}[ownpubs]
|
||||
\small
|
||||
\nocite{*} % is local to to the enclosing refsection
|
||||
\printbibliography[heading=none]
|
||||
\small
|
||||
\nocite{*} % is local to to the enclosing refsection
|
||||
\printbibliography[heading=none]
|
||||
\end{refsection}
|
||||
|
||||
\mainmatter{}
|
||||
@ -46,8 +46,10 @@ following publication:
|
||||
\include{chapters/5_half_reif}
|
||||
\include{chapters/6_incremental}
|
||||
|
||||
\backmatter{}
|
||||
\appendix{}
|
||||
\include{chapters/A1_minizinc_grammar}
|
||||
|
||||
\backmatter{}
|
||||
\printbibliography{}
|
||||
% \tableofcontents{}
|
||||
% \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Contents}
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user